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Stephen Hawking

A Brief History of Time

It's getting on for 20 years since Hawking wrote 'A brief history of time', but on rereading it now it doesn't seem that dated. Possibly this is because Hawking isn't trying to tell us the latest theories of the universe, rather he's explaining the basics of the subject in simple terms. (This relates to the original 1988 edition - there is now a 1998 edition which does include some of the new discoveries). Now I know that this book has the reputation of often being unfinished by readers, but they can't be trying very hard - as science books go it's one of the easiest to follow that I've read. That said there is 'A briefer history of time' with less text and more pictures. Also 'Black holes and baby universes' is more autobiographical, and so some people might find it easier to follow.

'A brief history of time' starts with chapters on cosmology, and moves on to quantum theory, particle physics and black holes. The later chapters look at Hawking's own work on the thermodynamics of black holes, as well as string theory and the inlationary theory of the origin of the universe.

I guess that if the book were written now then the publisher would insist on having the word 'God' in the title - the word occurs pretty often in the text itself. Its hard to tell what Hawking's beliefs are, but at least there's not too much in the way of phoney theology which you often find in such books.

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Paperback 224 pages  
ISBN: 0553380168
Salesrank: 226
Weight:0.7 lbs
Published: 1998 Bantam
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Paperback 240 pages  
ISBN: 0553175211
Salesrank: 267
Weight:0.49 lbs
Published: 1995 Bantam Books (Transworld Publishers a division of the Random House Group)
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Paperback 224 pages  
ISBN: 0553380168
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Weight:0.7 lbs
Published: 1998 Bantam
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Product Description
A Brief History of Time, published in 1988, was a landmark volume in science writing and in world-wide acclaim and popularity, with more than 9 million copies in print globally. The original edition was on the cutting edge of what was then known about the origins and nature of the universe. But the ensuing years have seen extraordinary advances in the technology of observing both the micro- and the macrocosmic world--observations that have confirmed many of Hawking's theoretical predictions in the first edition of his book.

Now a decade later, this edition updates the chapters throughout to document those advances, and also includes an entirely new chapter on Wormholes and Time Travel and a new introduction. It make vividly clear why A Brief History of Time has transformed our view of the universe.

 
The Hobo Philosopher ***
A Brief History of Time

By Stephen W. Hawking

Book Review

By Richard E. Noble

I read this book several years ago and since that time I have read it several more times. Since my first reading, I have not been able to get this book off my mind. On that account I should give it five stars. But the things that I can't get off my mind are all negative criticisms. On that account I should give it one star.

My criticisms start before I even get to the author.

In his introduction Carl Sagan speaks of "Einstein's famous question about weather God had any choice in creating the universe." Unfortunately Mr. Sagan paraphrases this one of Einstein's many famous questions incorrectly, as my memory recalls.

If there were a God why would he not have a choice in creating the universe? This paraphrasing makes no sense.
Einstein's question as I recall it was whether or not God had any choice in his own existence.

Now that is a big question to all us philosophy buffs. Mr. Sagan's incorrect paraphrasing makes Einstein's "famous question" no question at all.

Asking whether God had a choice in his own existence is a subtle way of stating the impossibility of the God concept.

If there is a God he could not have had the choice to exist or not to exist. He either was or he wasn't. If he wasn't, he could never have been because something can not come from "nothing."

The answer to the rhetorical question is that he had no choice and therefore was lacking in freedom. God can not be God and be lacking in freedom. Therefore the concept of God is untenable.

The above is not my opinion; it is simple philosophic logic that can be found in any philosophy book debating the God concept.

This was really a rhetorical question in my opinion on the part of Einstein. He was expressing his dubiousness on this subject.

If there is a God whether or not to create the universe is no problem at all; God can do as he pleases. He can create it or not create it. Who or what is going to make him do it or not do it? What logic says he can't do it? Sagan's question makes no sense.

Now we come to Mr. Hawking and friends.

Unfortunately there is a lot of sloppy language going on in the scientific community. Mr. Hawking is just one of many who "slop" around terms to the point of meaninglessness. One such term is the word "universe."

The universe is defined briefly as, "all that is." I am sorry but there can not be two "all that is." All that is, covers everything. It follows then that there can be no multiple universes, parallel universes or competing universes. There can only be one universe.

Scientists are obviously using the word "universe" with a different understanding than "all that is." Somebody should explain to readers how the scientific community is defining the word universe.

Other improperly used words are infinite and annihilate.

The universe can not be at the same time infinite and limited. An infinite universe can not expand. It is already infinite. It can't get no bigger than that.

A particle can not be annihilated and at the same time transformed into something else. If a particle is annihilated it not only disappears, it ceases to exist. It doesn't just disappear. As far as I know annihilation is impossible. Therefore if a particle turns into light and/or energy, then it hasn't been annihilated. It has been transformed. It can only be annihilated if it has been turned into nothing - and this is an impossible theoretical state. A state of "nothing" does not exist.

Space is also something. Its influences may be so minimal that they are not necessary to mathematical equations but space is more than a state or condition fabricated by gravity and other magnetic forces. There are scientists who are presently working to discover exactly what space is and what its influences are on the universe.

Light travels in straight lines in all directions infinitely - but it also bends. This is impossible. It does one or the other. It either travels infinitely in straight lines or it bend and wiggles its way through space.

If light bends and wiggles it way through space then it certainly can not be used as a measurement of the distance between planets or galaxies. Unless someone can measure the exact amount of wiggle at every distance in space - which I doubt very much is possible. What the heck are these scientists talking about?

An ellipse is an extended circle? Then I suppose a circle is a square with rounded sides. I know these guys are trying to dumb this stuff down for folks like me but if they dumb it down too much they are me and then we are all going nowhere.

I'm not a Big Bang guy and neither was Mr. Hubble. I have read that Mr. Hubble who established the notion of red shifts and blue shifts said that he in no way concluded from this observation that the universe is actually expanding or that any Big Bang was involved.

I think the Big Bang notion is comparable to "the world is flat" notion along with the Ptolemaic universe and phlogiston. It is being challenged by plasma theorists and others. The whole concept seems to be imploding in favor of an infinite, self-evolving universe.

I am reading a book at the moment by Eric J. Lerner "The Big Bang Never Happened." It is making some sense to my way of thinking.

Question posed in Mr. Hawking book: What was God doing before he created the universe?
Answer provided in book by St. Augustine: Time did not exist before the beginning of the universe.

So then where was God? He obviously did not exist before the universe either. Is God not a part of "all that is"? Does he exist? If so then he must have existed within the concept of "all that is" - the universe. No universe, no God.

And if the universe had no beginning - and the Big Bang can not be construed as the beginning of "all that is" -then St. Augustine may be right. Time began when the universe began; the universe always was and always will be
(in one shape or another) therefore time always was and always will be.

Mr. Hawking, Mr. Sagan and others in the scientific community I don't think are/were big on philosophy. They know their math but seem short on logic and semantics.

This book to me is pretty much an exercise in scientific madness (time going backwards, the universe collapsing, parallel universes, universes that are cone shaped, or infinite but finite and limited) but it is not just Mr. Hawking who has gone mad. He has a whole bunch lined up to jump off the edge of the universe and splatter on the nothingness below following eagerly behind him.

Books written by Richard Noble - The Hobo Philosopher:
"Hobo-ing America: A Workingman's Tour of the U.S.A.."
"A Summer with Charlie" Salisbury Beach, Lawrence YMCA
"A Little Something: Poetry and Prose
"Honor Thy Father and Thy Mother" Novel - Lawrence, Ma.
"The Eastpointer" Selections from award winning column.
"Noble Notes on Famous Folks" Humor - satire - facts.
"America on Strike" American Labor - History
"A Baker's Dozen" Short Stories


 
Just an amusing fiction ***
I'm an average girl with quite average education in Accounting. I did not like this book a lot. The same things I have read in my 5th grade book about astronomy and physics. The book talks about common sense, well known to to the educated person, things and sometimes questionable examples. Say, the test with the clocks on the tower. He says that clock on the tower ticks slowly because time is less dense far from the planet. What about clocks mechanics? Maybe less gravity on the top of the tower makes parts of the clock move more freely....

Anyways, I have not learn anything new from the book, just reviewed the staff I've learned in the mid-school.

Quite amusing, though:))
 
Deep! *****
Stephen Hawking surveys the theories behind the history of time and the universe. He discusses how scientists have struggled with different ideas (it was thought that physics would die out as a science until the neutron was discovered in 1928), and how Einstein's theory of relativity and the strong theories of the 1980s have helped us immensely. He concludes that the universe had a beginning and that the secret of discovering time travel may have something to do with traveling through black holes (which you can't do because you will disintegrate).

Hawking leaves the question of a Creator open. If the universe did not have a beginning, then obviously, there is no need for a creator. But if it did, then the question is an open one.

Hard book to read. But worth it.
 
Always fascinating. *****
I'm the only person I know that's fascinated with physics. When I attempted to discuss some of the theories in the book with my love ones, I was greeted with rolled eyes and yawns. Can you believe the audacity of some people? What happened to good manners? Okay, I'm not being serious. I don't expect people to share my interests. It's just that this book excited me to the point of wanting discourse. It kind of helps the knowledge sink in more.

Every light bulb moment I had while reading "A Brief History of Time" left me feeling triumphant, and there were many of those moments. I think that fact speaks well of Mr. Hawking's ability to simplify the abstruse.
 
Good, not Great: Why you should buy a different book ****
Stephen Hawking is certainly one of the most well-known and well-respected theoretical physicists of the last 40 years. So it goes without saying that he knows his stuff. But does that mean he can write a great book? Not necessarily.

If you don't know much about physics but want to have a very basic grasp of general relativity, special relativity, and quantum mechanics, then this may not be the book for you. Hawking doesn't do great a job of explaining these things clearly, and it ends up sounding a lot more confusing than it needs to be. This is partially because the book is so "brief" that Hawking doesn't dedicate much ink to explaining concepts. Most other books on theoretical physics which are aimed at the general public are 300-500 pages (and thus are able to explain things a bit more), whereas A Brief History is only about 180 pages.

Another problem with this book is that it's a bit outdated. As Hawking points out near the end of the book, physics (especially the theoretical kind) tends to move pretty fast, so it's no surprise that this book, which is 20+ years old, has some errors. This is, of course, no fault of the author's. It's what you expect of an older book. And although the majority of the content is still accurate, it may be better to get a more recent book.

The most interesting part of the book is learning about Hawking's take on various issues, especially the origin of the universe. To me, this makes the book worth a read.

So, if you're a fan of these Pop Physics books, then you wont regret reading A Brief History. However, if you are new to the genre, you might want to instead check out something written within the last five years.
 
Brief History of Time *****
A fascinating book for anyone who has an interest in the subject matter. Interesting, and gives you the facts without any complicated 'fancy words' or equations.
This will definitely be a book I read again whilst studying for my degree. Simply brilliant.
 
Guide to Cosmology;Advanced beginners - Intermediate level ****
I initially purchased this over 10 years ago to give myself an introduction to the subject but floundered after 50 pages.Since then I've read half a dozen books on astrophysics/quantum theory and on picking it up again finished it in a couple of sittings.This leads me to believe that the layman its aimed at should have at least some previous knowledge or exceptional IQ to completely understand it first off.Its not a book I'd recommend to start you off on this topic but it did clarify for me things that other authors could not communicate as succinctly.On that point the writing style and similes used are excellent and it all flows well and keeps you interested.
I'm not qualified enough to know the books technical validity, as it was written 20 years ago,but I wouldn't think it would be still in print if it was too outdated.Neither would the author have committed to print theories that where not substantial enough to stand the test of time or at least be the foundation or integral part of further theories.
 
An interesting and easy to understand introduction to complex science ****
I found this book very enjoyable and easy to read. Hawking is able to explain topics in an easy to understand way without everything being dumbed down. Having only learned basic physics I was happily surprised to be able to understand some of the more complicated theories within physics. In this book Hawkins goes through the history of science and how it has changed and evolved to give us the science that we uae today. I also enjoyed the small section at the end of the book that gave some insight into some great scientists such as Einstein and Newton. It was interesting to hear what kind of personalties these scientists had and how they got on with (or argued with) other scientists.
Definately a great book to read to introduce you to the most important theories that have changed physics in the past century.
 
If it wasn't for Hawking, I wouldn't bother ***
After reading Hawking's brief history, I admit I was a little let down. Even though he is the smartest man alive (it is rare that I can say that without any sarcasm), I think there are a number of astronomy and physics textbooks that do a better job explaining the universe. Then again, the book is titled a "brief" history, making it difficult to fully develop some core principals of physics. This book does offer the unique perspective in that it was written by Stephen Hawking. Any other book on these topics may mention that Stephen proved item A. However, in this book Hawking actually can say, "So I was going to the bathroom when I realized item A." The personal stories add so much. Actually, his personal stories would be the only reason I'd recommend this book, especially his story about betting some Penthouse magazines over the existence of black holes. I don't know about you, but I can't help but laugh when I think of Stephen Hawking going to a convenience store (or smut shop) to buy some porn.
 
An interesting read - but not the best on the subject ***
I'm reading this book 20+ years after its initial publication. I suspect that had I read it 20 years ago my reaction would have been Wow! that's incredibly interesting stuff and given it 5 stars. 20 years is a long time in quantum physics and so a lot of the material was familiar to me, and I think, Simon Singh, in the Big Bang: The Most Important Scientific Discovery of All Time and Why You Need to Know About it covers the same territory in a much more readable and enjoyable form. Still I learned some new stuff. I found out what quarks and gluons are. I'd heard of them but had no idea what they did. I even found out they (quarks) have up and down versions and come in different colours. I also found out why strings came and went and where all those other dimensions are hiding.

I think Stephen Hawking made an admirable attempt to reach down from his lofty mental perch, he even injects a little humour from time to time. I felt that there seemed to be an undercurrent throughout the book that hinted at a possibility (or maybe probability would be a better word given the subject matter) of an uncertainty in the author's mind about the existence of God and his use of science to prove it one way or another. (God is the very last word of the final chapter)

This book is very Hawking-centric. It touches on being autobiographical. It is very much about Hawking's views, ideas, opinions, research, mistakes, and changes of mind. So although it covers the historical information about people like Newton, Einstein, and many others, it seems that that information is provided only to put Hawking's own conclusions into context. In this respect I much prefer Big Bang because Singh's position is one of observer rather than participant. Though it is quite nice to have the 'horse's mouth' version in Brief History.

If you are interested in Hawking's contribution to theoretical physics then I would encourage you to read this. If you simply want to know how quantum theory fits into the creation, existence, and evolution of the known universe - then are better books.
 
History of Time *****
Like some other reviewers, it took a few tries spaced a few years apart to finally get through it. If you try this book keep in mind that it's targetted to give someone with little more than highschool math and physics a gereral understanding of some pretty complex topics; relativity, quantum mechanics, black holes, etc. This book actually does a pretty good job off doing that. For some it will fly over their head, others will want more detail, but Hawking has sold millions of copies of this book because the level of detail and complexeity of discussions are about right.
 
Great Book *****
This book provides an excellent description of the history of physics and the current status of physics. Hawking is quite good at making extremely complicated subjects (such as quantum theory) comprehensible for the average person, although some topics could have been explained a bit better. It is also quite interesting to be reading it from Hawkings perspective because he adds a personal touch to the subject and often includes details about his own research in certain areas of physics. The book often talks about God / a creator and how it might tie in with the beginning of the universe and other aspects of physics, but Hawking never shows any bias towards or against religion; he only talks about it in a purely scientific manner (for example, he explains why some scientific theories about the beginning of the universe actually need a creator in order for them to make sense).

Overall it was a very interesting read and I highly recommend it.
 
a pleasure to read *****
Many years after its initial release, this book is still a great pleasure to read. Written in a conversational tone, much of it is probably readily understandable to most readers. However, some parts of it, especially toward the end, aren't exactly simple by any means. Any curious reader, even if not particularly interested in physics or astronomy, will find this little book to be a gem. An extra treat is a few pages at the end describing prominent events from the lives of Einstein, Galileo, and Newton. Highly recommended read. Author of Adjust Your Brain: A Practical Theory for Maximizing Mental Health.
 
A Brilliant Summary of Scientific and Intellectual History Leading to Adonai *****
Dr. Hawking takes the reader gently through some of the most complex thoughts and theories that have ever "sprung [alive] from the mind of man". He traces the beginning of time back to one second after the "Big Bang" or Creation and follows through to the probable end of time, or the "Big Crunch". From nothing, to nothing as Moses and the Prophets said. His logic and sense of proportion are unerring and his intellectual honesty is almost unprecedented for a theorist of such immense stature. His thinking points toward the Creator God and under girds the argument for Intelligent Design. Finally I now understand how the "Matter/Antimatter" power plant found on the Star Treck Enterprise would work if it were possible.
 
Excellent Introduction for the Curious Mind *****
For anybody who does not have sufficient knowledge to read some of Hawking's more complex writings, this is the perfect book to get started on. It introduces you to the concepts of astrophysics, in which are explained very well. Stephen Hawking uses humor and everyday scenarios to explain some difficult concepts of astrophysics. It is a great way to simply expand your knowledge by understanding the big bang, quantum mechanics, and even sub-atomic particles. Stephen Hawking is an excellent writer, not to mention the Albert Einstein of our time; he makes this book almost seem like a novel more than a non-fiction book. I highly recommend this book to pretty much anyone, because it introduces you to astrophysics, as well as just answering questions regarding time travel, or where we came from.

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